Boston: Beacon Press, You do not have to be lesbian, gay, bi, or queer—or know someone who is—to be negatively affected by homophobia. Though homophobia actively oppresses lesbian, gay, bi, and queer people, it also hurts heterosexuals. By challenging homophobia, people are not only fighting oppression for specific groups of people, but are striving for a society that accepts and celebrates the differences in all of us.
Stereotypes and assumptions are at the root of heterosexist attitudes, simplifying the diverse LGBT community and often disempowering them. The following actions and thoughts are manifestations of these attitudes. Assuming that lesbians' and gay men's orientation is in reaction to a bad heterosexual experience. Go to case. Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Center.
Boston: Beacon Press, You do not have to be lesbian, gay, bi, or queer—or know someone who is—to be negatively affected by homophobia. Homophobia: Inhibits the ability of heterosexuals to form close, intimate relationships with members of their own gender, for fear of being perceived as LGBT Locks people into rigid gender-based roles that inhibit creativity and self-expression; Is often used to stigmatize heterosexuals; those perceived or labeled by others to be LGBT; children of LGBT parents; parents of LGBT children; and friends of LGBT people.
Compromises human integrity by pressuring people to treat others badly, actions that are contrary to their basic humanity. Combined with sex-phobia, results in the invisibility or erasure of LGBT lives and sexuality in school-based sex education discussions, keeping vital information from students. Such erasures can prevent LGBT young people from learning about sexually transmitted infections. The word first appeared in print in and was subsequently discussed at length in Weinberg's book, Society and the Healthy Homosexual.
The American Heritage Dictionary edition defines homophobia as "aversion to gay or homosexual people or their lifestyle or culture" and "behavior or an act based on this aversion. Around the same time, heterosexism began to be used as a term analogous to sexism and racism, describing an ideological system that denies, denigrates, and stigmatizes any nonheterosexual form of behavior, identity, relationship, or community Herek, Using the term heterosexism highlights the parallels between antigay sentiment and other forms of prejudice, such as racism, antisemitism, and sexism.
Like institutional racism and sexism, heterosexism pervades societal customs and institutions. It operates through a dual process of invisibility and attack. Homosexuality usually remains culturally invisible; when people who engage in homosexual behavior or who are identified as homosexual become visible, they are subject to attack by society. Examples of heterosexism in the United States include the continuing ban against lesbian and gay military personnel; widespread lack of legal protection from antigay discrimination in employment, housing, and services; hostility to lesbian and gay committed relationships, recently dramatized by passage of federal and state laws against same-gender marriage; and the existence of sodomy laws in more than one-third of the states.
Although usage of the two words has not been uniform, homophobia has typically been employed to describe individual antigay attitudes and behaviors whereas heterosexism has referred to societal-level ideologies and patterns of institutionalized oppression of non-heterosexual people.
By drawing popular and scientific attention to antigay hostility, the creation of these terms marked a watershed. Nevertheless, they have important limitations. Critics have observed that homophobia is problematic for at least two reasons. First, empirical research does not indicate that heterosexuals' antigay attitudes can reasonably be considered a phobia in the clinical sense. Second, using homophobia implies that antigay prejudice is an individual, clinical entity rather than a social phenomenon rooted in cultural ideologies and intergroup relations.
Moreover, a phobia is usually experienced as dysfunctional and unpleasant. Asexuality is a sexual orientation that involves a lack of sexual attraction. This article looks at what it means to be on the asexual spectrum. What is 'homophobia'? What is it? Internalized homophobia Outing Effect on health Support Being an ally Summary Homophobia, or heterosexism, refers to the assumption that everyone should be, or is, heterosexual.
How to get support. How to be an ally. Latest news Scientists identify new cause of vascular injury in type 2 diabetes. Adolescent depression: Could school screening help? Related Coverage. What is 'biphobia'? What are different types of sexualities? What are some different types of gender identity? What does 'queer' mean? Medically reviewed by Emelia Arquilla, DO.
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